1) The concept of federalism involves the division of powers between a central government and regional or local governments, allowing for shared governance and autonomy for different levels of administration.

2) A single bolt of lightning can heat the surrounding air to temperatures five times hotter than the surface of the sun.

3) The Age of Exploration, during the 15th and 16th centuries, saw European explorers such as Christopher Columbus and Vasco da Gama reach new lands and establish trade routes.

4) The word "elephant" contains three vowels: E, A, and E.